STL Science Center

STL Science Center

07 July 2018

Thecodontosaurs

An early socket-toothed sauropod, Thecodontosaurus antiquus Morris, 1843, was discovered in Southern England from Late Triassic (227-205 million years ago) soils around 1834. As many of these stories go, the people that found the remains were academics that could have been called doctors, naturalists, or scientists, depending on the definition they decided to use. A surgeon, Henry Riley, and the curator of the Bristol Institution for the Advancement of Science, Literature, and the Arts, Samuel Stutchbury conducted an expedition in a Bristol quarry where "saurian remains" were reported. Most of a skull was recovered, leading to descriptions of the teeth and name of the animal: Thecodontosaurus meaning "socket-toothed lizard", referencing the way in which the teeth were socketed in the jaws. 

Other fragments of the fossils represented various portions of the entire skeleton including the neck and "body" (ribcage and vertebrae), forelimbs, and legs led the initial description to identify Thecodontosaurus as a dinosaur; the fifth known and named dinosaur in fact. This diagnosis has not changed (some dinosaurs and non-dinosaurs identified in the earliest days of paleontology have been rediagnosed any number of times in the past 200 years) and has actually been supported by more material being recovered and identified. This is a good thing for many reasons, including that the holotype was destroyed in a 1940 bombing raid of Bristol by the German Luftwaffe.


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