Extinct Animal of the Week

(formerly Dinosaur of the Week)

15 August 2020

Things We Do Not Talk About

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There is an entire Class of animals that we have not really discussed. They are always right there when we look up fossils. We should take a...
13 August 2020

Freshwater Sharks

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 Growing up we often kept Rainbow sharks in aquaria. These streamlined pets were fast when they wanted to be and were fairly aggressive. The...
12 August 2020

The Cretaceous Sharp Nose

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 During the Cretaceous, when the crushing Ptychodus sharks were breaking open shells, sharks were often not the greatest predators in the n...
11 August 2020

Crushing it in the Cretaceous

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Yesterday we went over a bit of the development of sharks and discussed an early group of sharks that has persisted since the dawn of recogn...
10 August 2020

The Gilded Age of Hexanchus

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 The Devonian Era saw sharks developing and diversifying under the "rule" of larger armored fish like Dunkleosteus . Sharks diverg...
09 August 2020

Dawn of Sharks

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 Regarded as the first genus of shark, Cladoselache is a group of 8 recognized species, all from North America. These sharks are commonly c...
07 August 2020

Hammerhead Body

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The body of Atopodentatus is fairly unremarkable in reconstructions. Other than the hammerhead face of the animal, its body is something we...
06 August 2020

One More Head Post

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In Luoping County in the Yunnan province of China in 2016 the newest fossil of Atopodentatus was discovered. That fossil, as we have seen, o...
04 August 2020

Two New Faces

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Two Atopodentatus restorations, both by Nobu Tamura. The first was produced shortly after the initial description was published and is, admi...
02 August 2020

A Short Video for your Sunday

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1) Minor correction, I had a typo in the name of Atopodentatus yesterday, it has been fixed though! 2) Now, please enjoy some background in...
01 August 2020

Vegetarian Hammerheads

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We typically write about dinosaurs here. We then branched into mammals at different points. We sometimes even talked about birds, small rept...
11 June 2020

An Exciting Opportunity

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From the Facebook page of Julius Csotonyi: A twist! On Sunday, join me in a drawing lesson on a rare modern-day survivor of the l...
04 June 2020

Penguins Part II

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Inkayacu, was approximately the same size as Palaeeudyptes   Fossil penguins were not always penguin "shaped", as we saw with Waim...
01 June 2020

Penguins Part I

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Waimanu manneringi ©Nobu Tamura We know a lot about fossil penguins. Partly, this is because we have a fairly large number of fossils from ...
25 May 2020

Long Distance Hugs

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We could probably all use some kind of interaction from outside our family these days. While we cannot really pat one another on the back an...
15 March 2020

Talk to me on Twitter!

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Hello all! You're stuck at home. You're loved ones are stuck at home. I'm stuck at home. I'll be working on lectures and...
02 February 2020

Fossil Squirrels?

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Good morning! What a wonderful morning it is! Punxsutawney Phil came out and told us all that spring is right around the corner, which is a ...
29 July 2019

Non-crocodilian Face

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Holotype as depicted in von Baczko and Desojo, 2016 The holotype skull of Riojasuchus is very non-crocodilian to the casual observer. H...
27 July 2019

More from 1969

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More paleontological discoveries were made in 1969 than just Deinonychus , though that is certainly one of the most famous of dinosaurs. A s...
19 July 2019

Modern Dinosaurs

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Since the description of Deinonychus by John Ostrom in 1969 the "dinosaur renaissance" that was kicked off by this paper and the ...
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About Me

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Ian N. Cost
I am an educator and a researcher. I am interested in how the feeding apparatus of reptiles, especially birds and dinosaurs, has changed over time. Therefore, I conduct research focused on the anatomy and biomechanics of the head. My research specifically seeks to answer questions concerning the functional morphology and biomechanical environment of the palate, including kinetic movements of the skull. Understanding the impact that palatal movements and the joints that are in the head have on the ecological role of all reptiles, including birds, allows us to better comprehend the evolution of the feeding apparatus in extant and fossil animals and is of great interest to me.
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